Margaret Atwood A Social Activist - 1225 Words

Margaret Atwood: a Social Activist Through Feminist Literature The 1980s signified the continuation of an era of social and political upheaval in the United States of America. At the forefront was a socially conservative agenda that aimed to rescind women’s rights only ratified less than a decade before, a marked display of the nation’s desire to uphold traditional values that defined the preceding generation (Franà §oise). Among the devastating political climate, however, was Margaret Atwood: a voice that refused to be silenced, a progressive storyteller who interwove her writings with feminist themes that pushed boundaries and defied the status quo. Her prolific writing career is full of poems, essays, short-stories, and novels that†¦show more content†¦My mother is a very lively person who would rather skate than scrub floor. (Oates) From the very beginning, Atwood was destined to question and confront ideas rooted in the past and fortunate enough to have parents who acknowledged their daughter’s inquisitive and imaginative mind. Aside from her family, gothic and supernatural literature influenced Atwood from an early age. Unconventionally witty and resourceful, the heroines depicted in Grimm’s Fairy Tales were fascinating and complex to young Margaret. Her writing and poetry took form with the assistance of Edgar Allan Poe, whom she cites as her first influence in high school (Oates). Canadian writers such as Leonard Cohen, P.K. Page, Anne Wilkinson - in addition to many others - helped to mold Atwood’s distinct, expressive style (â€Å"Waterstone’s†). It is evident, then, that she honed her writing skills through the abundance of quality reading material that was at her disposal. Margaret Atwood’s greatest influence on the literary world is undoubtedly her progressive views on feminism and misogyny. The Handmaid’s Tale, her most notable work, is an examination of a totalitarian society that lawfully dehumanizes women, whose sole purpose is to breed and reproduce (Napierkowski 114-115). Grounded in reality, this novel portrays complex female characters that endure the same suffering as many people did at the time: During my visits to several countries behind the IronShow MoreRelatedThe Life and Achievements of Margaret Eleanor Atwood Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesMargaret Eleanor Atwood, one of the most acclaimed and idolized writers’ to date. Atwood was born in Ottawa, Ontario, on November 18th, 1939 in the Ottawa General Hospital. Two and a half months after the beginning of the Second World War (Atwood). She is a renowned novelist and poet; furthermore writer of short stories, critical studies, screenplays, radio scripts and books for children (Gale). Margaret Atwood is a living inspiration to many writers today. Atwood is a fiction, and non-fiction writerRead MoreBiography of Margaret Atwood Essay example1511 Words   |  7 Pagescharacter that people can relate to with the struggle or experiences. Margaret Atwood the â€Å"Canadian nationalist poetess is a prominebt figure concerned with the need for a new language to explore relations between subjects and societyâ€Å" (Omid , Pyeaam 1). Atwood wrote her first novel called, â€Å"The Edible Woman†; this first novel categorized her as feminist, based on the main character of a strong woman. In an interview with Emma Brockes, Atwood affirms, First of all, what is feminism? Second, which branchRead MoreCompatison of Spotty Handed Villainesses and Keynote Address at the Beijing World Conference on Women.879 Words   |  4 Pagesof rhetoric to support its main ideas.’ Discuss this statement, making detailed reference to at least two speeches. Great speeches are those which timelessly captivate audiences through their integrity and rhetoric treatment. This is relevant to Margaret Atwood’s speech in 1994, Spotty Handed Villainesses (hereafter referred to as Villainesses), and Aung San Suu Kyi’s speech in 1995, Keynote Address at the Beijing World Conference on Women (hereafter referred to as Keynote). The ability of a speechRead MoreMargaret Atwood s Happy Endings1447 Words   |  6 PagesHumanity’s inherent desire for results and rewards belittles the process of a journey, undervaluing/deprecating the character development that comes within, which notably can be portrayed in Margaret Atwood’s â€Å"Happy Endings†. In her metafictional short story, Atwood includes six different scenarios that are labeled A to F, which briefly describes the characters’ lives, ultimately ending with death. Moreover, the names of characters recur in each scenario, referencing one another throughout th e entireRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1733 Words   |  7 Pageswritten by Margaret Atwood in 1985. Dystopian novels often feature societal norms taken to dangerous extremes. Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale contains each and every feature of a typical dystopian novel, though she prefers to refer to it as social science-fiction. Ideological and social conditions taken to extremes enforced by authoritarian regimes, social trends isolated or exaggerated, and stability being secured through impossible ideals are all features highlighted in this novel. Atwood wrote TheRead MoreThe Age Of Lead By Margaret Eleanor Atwood920 Words   |  4 PagesMargaret Eleanor Atwood a Canadian poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, and environmental activist was born in Ottawa, Canada in 1939. She grew up in Northern Ontario, Quebec, and Toronto. She received her undergraduate degree from Victoria College at the University of Toronto and her master’s degree from R adcliffe College. WRITE ABOUT HER WORK AND CRITICAL REACTIONS TO HER WORK.( How was she received?) A short story â€Å"The Age of Lead† by Atwood explores woman’s relationship with her elusiveRead MoreTheme Of Satire In The Handmaids Tale1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood is a dystopic satire in which present tendencies are carried out to their intensely unpleasant culmination. In the novel, the protagonist and narrator, Offred, originally lived an ordinary life in America until an oppressive, patriarchal theocracy governed by Christian fundamentalists—a group of extremists, applying a strict adherence to Christian doctrine to all facets of society—took over. Due to the increase in toxic pollution and radiation, there is widespreadRead MoreFrida Kahlo Feminist Theory Essay1267 Words   |  6 Pagesfeminist, journalist, and political activist. Instead of committing to a conventional, stereotypical path, she furthered her life into more complexities, self-taught learning, and the possibilities of feminism in the la te 1960s and early 1970s. When asked what it truly means to be a woman, she replied that â€Å"[the answer] for all women seems to lie in the ability to cultivate one’s skeptical self: [women] must trust their own and other women’s experiences over social myths† (Heilbrun). Finally, artistsRead MoreThe Year Of The Flood1677 Words   |  7 PagesIn Margaret Atwood’s novel The Year of the Flood, several saints are mentioned during Adam Ones speech for Pollination Day namely Saint Suryamani Bhagat of India, among so many others, because of her contributions to forest preservation (Atwood 276). Atwood may have chosen to incorporate Bhagat, an environmental activist, as a saint in her novel considering that The Gardeners had devoted this festival to the mysteries of plant reproduction, especially that of those wondrous trees, the angiospermsRead MoreThe Dystopian Novel By Margaret Atwood1991 Words   |  8 PagesThe dystopian novel written by Canadian author Margaret Atwood, is a twisting futuristic forecast of what a religious intolerant society is leading itself into with a totalitarian government with traditional Old Testament values, who do not see women as anything more than vessels to continue the human population. This story spins from a government takeover to the oppression of women under the rule of the new theocratic government known as The Republic of Gilead, whose agenda was to reclaim the dying

Tai Chi and the Elderly Essay - 2261 Words

Introduction: In recent years, western civilization has adopted Tai Chi as not only a physical activity, but also a highly recommended rehabilitation method. Within physical therapy, Tai Chi is looked upon as an intervention to improve balance and reduce the risk of falls.1 Since the aging adult experiences a decline in balance and more than one-third of those 65 years and older experience a fall related incident each year, it is logical to purport that regular participation in Tai Chi may be an ideal exercise program for the geriatric population.2 However, is Tai Chi physically and cognitively suitable for all elderly individuals? What factors should the Physical Therapist consider before recommending Tai Chi? Though the initial idea†¦show more content†¦It enables you to string together all parts of the body as a whole and, constantly under the command of your mind in a very relaxed manner. The second purpose is a technique for self-defense. Through this mind-body conditioning process, Tai Chi Chuan inevitably becomes a part of you. You learn to react not with your muscles, but with your mind which is always superior. As to self-defense, it is a matter of reaction in your mind, not your muscles. The third purpose is that Tai Chi Chuan can also act as a dancing art. It is solely for the benefit of the doer, not for the audience. The movement itself is as beautiful as it can be, but more important the wonderful feeling you experience within yourself as you do it. It also opens and cultivates excellent sensitivity for your mind and body. Finally, the fourth purpose is seen as a healing art. Is has won much acclaim as a healing exercise for various ailments and clinical conditions. Individual’s mental, physical, and emotional health as an entity can best be achieved and maintained by practicing Tai Chi Chuan.4 Methodology: Participants: 15 total participants, age range 48-78; all community dwelling; independent with ambulation (no assistive devices needed), and independent with transportation. Program Description: A Tai Chi Chuan class at the Orlando Senior Center. The class was a two hour, slow paced, martial-arts like dance routine that consisted of a warm-up, a technique phase, and sequenceShow MoreRelatedThe Center For Disease Report810 Words   |  4 PagesReport (CDC) for Mortality and Morbidity Weekly has reported falls as being the leading cause of injury among the elderly adult. According to stats released by the CDC, there are an estimated one to three falls that occur among the elderly resulting in a direct medical cost of $30 billion yearly. According to Barbour et al. (2012) falls often result in significant consequences for the elderly adult patients including, hip fracture, brain injuries, limited functional abilities, and reductions in physicalRead MoreTai Chi1346 Words   |  6 PagesBenefits of practicing Tai Chi Tai Chi is a therapeutic exercise which originated as a martial art. It is a slow moving martial art based on the Eastern belief that a life force (chi) or energy circulates throughout the body by way of pathways called meridians. A disruption in this flow of energy is believed to result in illness or disease. Therefore, a balance of chi is essential for health and Tai Chi is an exercise which promotes this proper flow of energy. However, it is both a physical andRead MoreEssay about The History and Evolution of Tai Chi1005 Words   |  5 PagesThe History and Evolution of Tai Chi Tai Chi is a result of the Chinese Taoists. The Taoists in their observation of nature found nothing was entirely still. If prey stayed in one place, the beasts of the forest would take advantage. They also found that this principle applied to humans as well and that if they remain stagnant, it opened the door for disease and old age. From this revelation, the Taoists began creating martial art forms, as well as using yoga introduced from India, to beRead MoreTai Chi Health Benefits1177 Words   |  5 PagesAs a Chinese traditional martial art, Tai Chi Chuan is also called â€Å"meditation in motion† and is famous for its overall health benefits. Although its motion is slow and gentle, it provides good exercise to improve muscle strength, flexibility and aerobic conditioning as other common fitness sports. Besides these, it also offers other benefits that other common sports cannot give us, such as the balance improvement, the reduced probability of falling, relieving dep ression, easing of Parkinson’s diseaseRead MoreLow Personal Information Regarding The Quality Of Life1015 Words   |  5 PagesIt was also said that previous positive results are effective worldwide including all age groups. According to Roberson et al. (2015) Tai Chi can increase balance, lessen one’s anxiety, and lower pain. Sannes, Mansky, and Chesney (2008) study aim investigated the variation seen in the length and training session done in randomized controlled trials involving Tai Chi Chih (TCC). The second objective of their study was to examine the attendance rates reported in scheduled intervention classes. TheirRead MoreAssessment Of Chronic Pain1329 Words   |  6 Pageschronic pain, rather be by its cause or its severity. One of the most often relied on ways to manage chronic pain in the elderly is through pharmaceutical methods. (Pateinakis, 2013) In the elderly differences in drug efficacy and the incidences of toxicity can be very common. The way the b ody ages increases sensitivity to centrally acting drugs. Because of the increased risks in elderly clients should begin taking the lowest effective dose, then gradually increased to achieve steady blood levels, andRead MoreParkinson s Disease : A Disease1196 Words   |  5 Pagescases are reported each year,† (Clinero Inc.). This is just the one country; there is a total of over 10 million people worldwide that are living with Parkinson’s. Only a measly 4% of Parkinson’s patients are under fifty years old. Not only does the elderly have to deal with getting older and already having physical, mental degeneration but getting PD increases all of that. Cause and Symptoms. What is causing Parkinson’s? The main cause of Parkinson’s has to do with low levels of dopamine. DopamineRead MoreTreatment Of Geriatric Depression : A Randomized Controlled Trial1699 Words   |  7 PagesAPA Citation of Article Lavretsky, H., Altstein, L., Olmstead, R. E., Ercoli, L., Riparetti-Brown, M., St. Cyr, N., Irwin, M. R. (2011). Complementary Use of Tai Chi Chih Augments Escitalopram Treatment of Geriatric Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry†¯: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(10), 839–850. http://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e31820ee9ef Article 1 Older adults with depression reported to have moreRead MoreEssay The Benefits of Tai Chi3680 Words   |  15 PagesTai Chi History of Tai Chi One of the most relaxing forms of martial arts, Tai Chi, can help to overcome such problems as arthritis, rheumatism, back problems, lack of balance, high blood pressure, stress, post-traumatic stress, lack of energy, and more. Tai Chi is a non violent form of the martial arts whose roots are derived from the Chinese and correlated with Traditional Chinese Medicinal techniques. There are many forms of Tai Chi, including Tai Chi Chuan and Tai Chi Chih;Read MoreTai Chi For Fall Prevention For Older Adults Using A Twice A Week Program Model1830 Words   |  8 Pagesand postural instability.1-2 Several randomized controlled trials have been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Tai Chi for Fall Prevention for older adults using a twice a week program model. 3The purpose of this report is to identify if a once-a-week Tai Chi program makes a significant difference in improving the balance of a 78-year-old community-dwelling elderly. Case Description: The subject of this study is a 78-year-old female with post open-reduction-internal fixation on right hip

Essay on The Secrets to Be Innovative - 690 Words

Innovation is the process of changing something to make it better. To innovate a product is to modernise it so as to suit the people living in the current generation. Lots of ideas need to be generated in order to innovate. Innovation has no age restrictions. As long as you still have a pair of hand and feet with a good working brain, innovation can take place anywhere and at any time. IDEO was founded by David Kelley in Palo Alto, California, in 1991. He and his team works tirelessly everyday innovating and creating new ideas. IDEO designs about 90 new products every year. Apart from creating new products, IDEO can take any existing random product from the market and redesign it to make it better. â€Å"We are not experts are a specific area†¦show more content†¦There are many factors which contributed to the success and innovative design of the shopping trolley. Sticking firm to their mottos - only have one conversation at a time, stay focus throughout the project, encourage wild ideas, and fail often in order to succeed sooner – allows them to create new products and generate wild ideas easily in a short span of time. One important thing which they never do is to criticise on one another’s idea. They believe that any idea is important as it would help them to take off from scratch. Although the people in IDEO are not chefs, they do have their own special recipe – recipe for innovation. They work for long hours every day making full use of every single second of every single minute, of every single hour. Maximising their time is the key to being able to do more than the rest who don’t. The people in IDEO are all open minded. From the bosses to the eclectics, every single one of them are impartial towards new ideas. Being able to accept new ideas would make a person much wiser and knowledgeable and hence lead to greater productivity. Working with a boss who demands for fresh ideas would constantly train the staffs to be able to come up with ideas quickly. For example, if a lecturer constantly makes the students practise using a certain formula (eg. e=mc2) repeatedly, they probably would have mastered on the applicationShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Innovation Architecture1482 Words   |  6 Pagesemployee empowerment. According to an article fro m Forbes, Google’s secrets are empowering employees and creating as many channels as they can in order for manifestation, distinguishing different people and ideas (Google s Secrets of Innovation, 2013). Furthermore, in order to create a strong culture Google has an open culture where employees have the ability to directly email the company leaders. Hence, Google enriches their innovative leadership by enhancing the ability to encourage interactions betweenRead MoreEth 321 Week 4 Knowledge Check Study Guide610 Words   |  3 Pagesjurisdictions? Rulemaking Adjudication Inspection Legislation 7-When does misappropriation of a trade secret occur? When someone acquires a trade secret illegally When someone conducts research to discover a trade secret When someone uses reverse engineering to figure out a trade secret When the owner unintentionally shares the secret with others 8-Identify the true statement about trade secret protection. It expires after a very limited period of time. It is lost if the owner does not takeRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Energy Drink Industry918 Words   |  4 Pagessometime in the 1980’s and debuted the first drink on April 1st, 1987. Since its inception, Red Bull has grown more quickly than the majority of companies. The accelerated growth of the company and its continued success are attributed to Red Bull’s innovative marketing strategies. This is the primary way Red Bull has been able to be competitive and remain competitive in the energy drink industry. â€Å"We don’t bring the product to the consumer, we bring the consumers to the product†. This quote by Red Bull’sRead MoreGoogles Business Level Strategy Essay examples942 Words   |  4 Pagesoccurs on a webpage which is how competing search engines work. The PageRank algorithm is constantly being updated to ensure the best search results possible. Also, employees at Google keep many of the algorithm’s criteria secret. Since Google’s search engine criteria are kept secret and the fact that it is difficult to imitate intangible products, Google has maintained its competitive advantage and will continue to do so for a long period of time. Another of Google’s products that support itsRead MoreInternal Analysis Apple1602 Words   |  7 Pagesundoubtedly stems from its intangible resources. The influence that co-founder and CEO Steve Jobs had on the company is undeniably accountable for its achievements. As an entrepreneur and human resource to Apple, Jobs’ managerial capabilities and innovative ideas were invaluable. The retail stores of Apple also provide intangible resources in the interaction with customers, aesthetically appealing design of the stores and technological support provided on site in the ‘genius bar’ (Jarboe 2011). TheRead MoreCommercials and Their Propaganda Techniques757 Words   |  4 Pagesfactual support for their points, so they appeal to our emotions by using propaganda techniques. In the particular commercial for the Samsung Galaxy smart phones, Name Calling, Plain Folks, and Bandwagon propaganda techniques are used. It is no secret that smart phone creators have to appeal to average consumers and get them to jump on board to buy their product. So in a not so surprising way to gather new customers, Samsung releases a commercial the same day another major competitor (Apple) releasesRead MoreApple‚Äà ´s motivation system1258 Words   |  6 Pagesstores worldwide with over 76100 employees in 14 countries, is considered to be the most successful electronics company in the world. As the most innovative and admired company in the world, what’s the key element of Apple’s success? It’s success owning to its relentless pursuit of customer delighting innovation and its excellent sales group. An innovative organizations like Apple that employees’ (especially those in RD department) motivation is a key success factor and hence the e mployees plays aRead MoreEssay On The Signs Of Aging Making You Self-Conscious1437 Words   |  6 PagesAre signs of aging making you self-conscious? Ever wondered what the secret was to aging like a Brazilian woman? Want to get Botox-Like Effects in 60 Seconds for a FRACTION of the rate? Meet Dr. Andrea Godoy, a leading Dermatologist from Brazil. After graduating from the University of Medical Sciences of Santos in Brazil in 1999 with a Specialist Medical Degree in Dermatology, Dr. Godoy has spent the years discovering the most cutting edge technologies and treatments to keep her patients lookingRead MoreExploitation of Indian Culture1086 Words   |  5 Pagesthe poem continues we see that this newly adopted personal and innovative style, may not be considered truly traditional Indian artwork by outside cultures. As Mud Woman looks over her work she is described as â€Å"feel[ing] her pride surging upward from a secret part within her, translating into a smile that passed her lips†(lines 7-10). She is clearly proud of her work, but now is exposing it as simply a product to be sold. The secret part within her may represent the womans tabooed desire toRead MoreVsual Cryptography : A Branch Of Secret Sharing Data1235 Words   |  5 PagesVISUAL cryptography (VC) is a branch of secret sharing data. In the VC scheme, a secret image is encoded into transparencies, and the content of each transparency is noise-like so that the secret information cannot be retrieved from any one transparency via human visual observation or signal analysis techniques. In general, a -threshold VC scheme has the following properties: The stacking of any out of those VC generated transparencies can reveal the secret by visual perception, but the stacking of

Nursing Shortage Essay Sample free essay sample

The expected population growing of the older grownup in the United States over the following few decennaries will hold a dramatic impact on its health care work force. As the aging population grows. the demand for wellness attention services will besides increase. more particularly from nurses. At the same clip. big Numberss of wellness attention workers will be retiring while this demand for wellness attention is on the rise. Although the nursing profession has the largest section of the U. S. health care work force. it is confronting deficit in Numberss due to the challenges in nursing instruction. economic fluctuations. decreased resources in establishments of higher instruction along with the high cost of prolonging nursing instruction plans. In response to these challenges. the AACN is working with pedagogues. legislators. media. and other organisations to convey attending to this wellness crisis. ( 1. AACN ) The alleged â€Å"baby boom† coevals ( people born between 1946 and 1964 ) is already holding an consequence on the wellness attention system and it is expected to turn as the century progresses. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Shortage Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The figure of Americans age 65 and older will lift by more than 19 million to 54 million by 2020. ( 2. Impact ) . Likewise. the mean age of the nursing work force is besides mounting. About tierce of these nurses are older than 50 and more than half have expressed an purpose to retire in the following decennary. Therefore. the U. S. nursing deficit is projected to turn to 260. 000 registered nurses by 2025 ( 3. AllHealth ) . In add-on to the aging population and health care work force. another lending factor impacting the nursing deficit is the demand of more intense health care services. Because of this. many of the nurses are describing high degrees of occupation dissatisfaction taking to a high turnover rate and early retirement among RNs. Despite the 37. 000 addition of added occupations in infirmaries. long-run attention installations. and other ambulatory attention scenes. many raised serious concerns about the slow production of RNs given the jutting demand for nursing services ( 1. AACN ) . Furthermore. nursing school registration is non turning fast plenty to run into turnover rates due to deficits in the figure of module. clinical sites. schoolroom infinite. and clinical dons non to advert budget restraints. Almost two-thirds of the nursing schools reacting to the study pointed to faculty deficits as a ground for non accepting all qualified appliers into their plans ( AACN ) . Mentions: 1. AACN2. Impact of Aging( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Albany. edu/news/pdf_files/impact_of_aging_excerpt. pdf ) 3. AllHealth ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. allhealth. org/publications/Medicare/Health_Care_Workforce_104. pdf )

How to Report Earthquake Damages in the Income Statement free essay sample

The Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification states that: Extraordinary items shall be segregated from the results of ordinary operations and shown separately in the income statement, with disclosure of the nature and amounts thereof. (225-20-45-9) AND Descriptive captions and the amounts for individual extraordinary events or transactions shall be presented, preferably on the face of the income statement, if practicable; otherwise disclosure in related notes is acceptable. The nature of an extraordinary event or transaction and the principal items entering into the determination of an extraordinary gain or loss shall be described. The income taxes applicable to extraordinary items shall be disclosed on the face of the income statement; alternatively, disclosure in the related notes is acceptable. Considering all of the above information my recommendations include: †¢ Report all damages separately from net income. †¢ Report as an extraordinary item. †¢ Disclose in a note: 1. The nature of the extraordinary event. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Report Earthquake Damages in the Income Statement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. The determination of how we came about deciding to classify as an extraordinary item. 3. Captions and amounts of extraordinary loss. (Including store damages, and losses due to the store being closed). I look forward to speaking with you further on the matter. Enclosures: Works Cited and Example Resources. Works Cited Spiceland, David, Sepe, Jim, Nelson, Mark. Intermediate Accounting. 6th ed. McGraw- Hill/Irwin. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2011. Print Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification.

Vanraj Tractors free essay sample

- VANRAJ MINI-TRACTORS - The case depicts the dilemma of a decision-maker Mr Trivedi who has to select an appropriate segment for marketing the 10 horsepower (HP) Vanraj Mini tractor in the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. The four segments identified for Vanraj tractors: small and marginal farmers, large farmers, industries, and horticulture farmers. Vanraj was economical and could perform almost all the functions of a big tractor at lower costs serving multiple purposes and uses. It provided added and immense advantage over the existing Chinese made mini-tractors and bullocks used by small farmers and the existing market players catered to the larger farmer segment considered lucrative and substantive in nature with a higher level of mechanization. India has emerged as the world’s largest market for tractors and the small and marginal farmers are dominant in terms of numbers but no player currently serving this segment. Mr Trivedi found a huge market potential in the small and large farmer segment as they had a latent demand and believed that this segment was the most appropriate target market for Vanraj but the other board members advised him to consider and study the feasibility and profitability from the other identified segments before deciding to freeze a particular target segment. We will write a custom essay sample on Vanraj Tractors or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Decision Problem 1. Selecting an appropriate target segment for Vanraj among the 4 identified segments. 2. Determining the appropriate price level for Vanraj to be sold in the selected segment. Analysis Vanraj was designed for agricultural and transportation purposes with a robust and versatile technology. The segment demarcation and selection is crucial as the overall marketing strategy will get modified wherein each segment has a completely different industry structure and competitive environment. Vanraj was design to address most of the problems faced by small and marginal farmers which no other big tractor was able to do. This had led Mr Trivedi to believe in its perfect fit to the needs of this particular segment of farmers. STATE| ANNUAL SALES (in units)| Gujarat| 17345| Maharashtra| 28443| Madhya Pradesh| 15288| Uttar Pradesh| 54392| Table 1: Average past sales of tractors in respective states The high fragmentation of agricultural landholdings with 82% held by small and marginal farmers with an increasing role of mechanization to increase foodgrain production provided a boost to tractor sales in India over the last two decades. The size of landholding did not inhibit the use of tractors and with declining size of landholdings per farmer; the big tractors were not economically viable for use in such farm sizes. The issue was that horsepower of tractors was increasing and size of landholding was declining which led to the exclusion of the small and marginal farmer segment from the purview of tractor companies. Demographic segmentation Small and marginal farmers| Large farmers| * Large in number * Small landholding (average 1. 4 to 0. 4 hectares) * Engaged in subsistence farming * Uneconomical for farm mechanization| * Small in number * Large landholdings (average 3 hectares) * Engaged in commercial farming hence earning high income * High levels of farm mechanizations| Geographic segmentation Northern India (UP)| Western and Southern India (Gujarat, Maharashtra MP)| * Soil is alluvial and fertile * Requires lower horsepower tractors * Area under horticulture farming 1066 (‘000 hectares)| * Harder laterite and black soil * Requires higher horsepower tractors * Area under horticulture farming 1550 (‘000 hectares)| Breakeven analysis Actual production of the ‘Vanraj’ varies from 300 to 480 across the seven years. The cost of production also varies from Rs. 471. 84 lakhs to Rs. 758. 76 lakhs. The average cost of production per tractor thus comes around Rs. 1. 58 lakhs. Considering profit after tax, dividend, depreciation and contingent expenses the net cash accrual for first to second year ranges from Rs. 7. 1 lakhs to 9. 5 lakhs. The overall profit comes to 7. 1-9. 5%. The sales realization against 300-480 tractors will range from Rs. 570 lakhs – 912 lakhs from the first to the seventh year. Thus, the price of ‘Vanraj’ mini tractor can be fixed at Rs. 1. 9 lakhs. The breakeven sales at 100% capacity can be Rs. 11. 40 Millions. Segment I: Small and marginal farmers In India, small farmers traditionally relied upon bullocks for all their agricultural needs. Therefore, the main competitor for Vanraj Mini tractor were bullocks rather than other Chinese make mini tractors which were not suitable for Indian trying conditions. | Bullocks (2 no. )| Vanraj| Other small tractors| Initial cost| Rs 0. 027m| Rs 0. 19m| Rs 0. 16m| Life span| 8-9 years| 8-9 years| 6-7 years| Other cost(fuel or fodder costs)| Fodder = Rs 17500*11 yrs = Rs 192500| Fuel = 950 hrs*1. 5l/hr*Rs 3. 3/litre*8 = Rs 376200| Rs 376200| Maintenance costs| Nil| 15% of selling price = Rs 0. 03 m| 40% of selling price = Rs 0. 6 m| Total cost incurred (for 8 year usage)| Rs 2,19,500| Rs 5,96,200| Rs 5,96,200| Challenges Though, using mechanized equipment rather than bullocks would increase efficiency in agricultural methods, total cost incurred on Vanraj mini is 3 times more when compared with total cost incurred on bullocks. The technical factor of maneuvering across a small landholding po ses some problem. The vagaries of monsoons coupled with fluctuating crop production may encourage farmers to hire big tractors whenever the need arises instead of owing a tractor which may end up becoming a liability for the marginal farmer. Hence, it is not economical for small farmers. It is more economical for farmers to hire a big tractor which can supplement the existing bullocks. This way they would be saving time and work  more efficiently. Hiring charges = Rs 250/hr; usage = 950 hrs per year; total yearly cost = Rs 237500 if replaces bullocks fully. Thus if a farmer is totally dependent on hiring, Vanraj may be a profitable option for him but as per Indian context, hiring provides farmer with the flexibility and also one cannot be sure about the number of such farmers. The market segment analysis for the tractors reveals the following facts: TRACTORS MARKET SEGMENT Segment| Sales Distribution (in %)| Price (millions) (subsidy Rs 30k for 30 HP)| Growth rate (overall 30%)| Consumption| 50 HP| 4. 5| | 17. 88| | The cost of tractors is varying from Rs. 0. 10 Million to Rs. 0. 40 million and above. ‘Vanraj’ proves to be the better choice as compared to its Chinese counterparts on account of better reliability and performance. Hence even if it is priced a little higher people would still prefer it if they are made aware of the long term benfits. Its advantage over bigger tractors in terms of better manoeuvrability and easy access to small corners of land makes it quite a handy asset to posses. Thus, the price of ‘Vanraj’ tractor fixed at Rs. 0. 19 million seems justified and appropriate. Table 2: Driving factors for use of mini tractors for farmer segment States| Area under Fruits (ha) (year 2001-02)| Area under vegetables (ha) (year 2001-02)| Marginal farmers (year 2000)| Small farmers (year 2000)| Large farmers (year 2000)| Gujarat, MP, Maharashtra, UP| 1066. (10% increase)| 1548. 9 (10% increase)| 25415| 9681| 10472| If we combine the marginal small farmers we will find that the total number of farmers in this category comes out to be around 35096. Moreover this is the untapped section of the market. Since the installed capacity is only 600 tractors per annum. The company can supply around 4350 tractors. Moreover since the farmers are economically ill equipped they can form a group and buy a tractor for thei r common purpose. With the various problems which crop up now and again in case of the 3 competitors and also Chinese made Mini Tractors (10 HP segment) or along with the newly entering HMT(18-25 HP segment) ‘Vanraj’ can pounce upon this opportunity as it has the many advantages over the other Big Tractors like low cost, fuel efficiency, availability of spares, easy maintainability, high manoeuvrability and compatibility with various farming implements and since the tractor market is always served by the bank loans, impetus can be provided so as to become a frontrunner in this segment. Segment II – Horticulture Department The big tractors are unwieldy in negotiating their way through the small gap between the lanes in horticulture farms. Vanraj’s small turning radius and mini-size would make it easy to maneuver it through the small lanes of horticulture farms. The three-wheel convertibility option available in Vanraj would be of great use in interculture operations in Horticulture farms. * Savings on initial cost:  Vanraj Mini tractor price= Rs 0. 19 million. Least price of a Big Tractor= Rs 0. 4 million Savings= Rs 0. 05 million * Savings on fuel Cost:  Vanraj Mini Tractor consumption= 1. 5 litre/hr  Average consumption of a big tractor= 4 litre/hr  Savings in fuel= 2. 5 litre/hr * Saving in fuel cost = 2. 5*33 = Rs 82. 5/hr Estimation of market potential in horticulture segment Percentage change in area from 1991-92 to 2001-02 (approx. ) | Area under fruits(%)| Area under vegetables(%)| Maharashtra| 128| 67| Gujarat| 76| 103| Uttar Pradesh| -5| 35| Madhya Pradesh| -28| -23| The above table signifies a very significant growth in area under horticulture in the period from 1991-92 to 2001-02. In fact the total land under Horticulture in the yaer 2001-02 was around 2615. 6 hectares. As horticulture and plantations are practiced by relatively well off persons and also in comparatively bigger areas they can go for â€Å"Vanraj† tractors wherever feasible rather than spending on the bigger tractors. Thus there is immense potential in the horticulture segment. Recommendations Although Mini Tractors had just 1% share of the tractor segment, it was estimated that the small farmers still using bullocks formed a larger part of untapped market. * The small farmer segment offers a huge potential and can be marketed by highlighting and communicating the intrinsic benefits of Vanraj in economic and technical terms. * Horticulture sector presents a niche market for Vanraj. It is concentrated only in few pockets of  states. Hence, Vanraj marketing should focus o n such areas to fully tap the market potential. * Area under Horticulture saw a decrease in states like Madhya Pradesh. Hence, Vanraj should interact with farmers in this region, find out the reasons and give them proper advice and hence should try to create a market for them. Conclusion The horticulture segment and small and marginal farmer segments could be easily tapped as both segments required value for money which was offered by the Vanraj tractor as compared to other mini or big tractors. [ 1 ]. More than 30 HP tractors are referred to as big tractors and less than 20 HP tractors are referred to as mini-tractors in our case analysis.

Sample Persuasive Essay - Writing a Proven Persuasive Business Plan Fast Food Sales Pitch

Sample Persuasive Essay - Writing a Proven Persuasive Business Plan Fast Food Sales PitchYour objective in writing a sample persuasive essay fast food business proposal is to help the hiring manager of a fast food restaurant company understand your dedication and commitment to the business and its success. The following tips will assist you in constructing a persuasive sales letter that captures the attention of potential fast food customers:The first thing you should do when you are writing a sample persuasive essay fast food business proposal is to prepare a clear and concise outline of the theme of your presentation. Determine where you want your speech to go and then write a positive introduction, a goal, and an overview of your speech. It's important that the introduction is warm and inviting while the outline focuses on presenting and delivering the goals of your presentation.Make sure that you're selling to people who have unique needs and wants. For example, a small business owner looking to open up a franchise restaurant may be more focused on providing high quality food with friendly customer service. A waitress hoping to expand her career might be interested in learning more about the management training available and salary expectations as well as the quality of the training materials.Write a strong argument for your perspective using only applicable facts. If your message is written in a way that makes the audience feel as if they're listening to someone who is stating 'I'm right, therefore you're wrong' your message is likely to fall flat. And you don't want to be perceived as someone who is dismissive and even rude to your audience.Use a professional style. Choose a style that reflects professionalism as well as promoting your business, products or services.Employ honesty. Don't let your job offer be viewed as a bait and switch.Use the pre-approved information and examples from apersuasive essay at a rate that will move the human envelope. There' s nothing wrong with stretching the limits of acceptable deliverables to promote your business.To reiterate, your objective in writing a sample persuasive essay fast food business proposal is to help the hiring manager of a fast food restaurant company understand your dedication and commitment to the business and its success. The following tips will assist you in constructing a persuasive sales letter that captures the attention of potential fast food customers: